Disorders of the gastrointestinal tract involve a wide array of conditions that affect the organs responsible for digestion, including the stomach, intestines, liver, and pancreas. Common disorders include gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), which causes acid reflux and heartburn, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a functional disorder leading to symptoms like bloating, diarrhea, and constipation. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis involve chronic inflammation of the intestines and can result in malabsorption, weight loss, and abdominal discomfort. Other conditions, such as peptic ulcers, gallstones, celiac disease, and diverticulitis, can also affect the gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms of gastrointestinal tract disorders often include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, changes in bowel habits, and unexplained weight loss. Diagnosis typically involves medical history review, physical exams, blood tests, imaging studies, and endoscopic procedures. Treatment varies depending on the specific condition and may include dietary changes, medications, or, in more severe cases, surgery. Effective management is essential to controlling symptoms and preventing complications associated with these disorders.
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