Pelvic ultrasound is a highly effective diagnostic tool for evaluating soft tissues and fluid-filled structures. However, it may be combined with other tests like MRI or CT scans for a more comprehensive assessment if needed.

Yes, a full bladder is typically required for a transabdominal ultrasound to enhance image quality. For transvaginal or transrectal scans, the bladder should be empty.

Generally, the test is painless. While the transabdominal scan may cause mild discomfort due to a full bladder, the transvaginal and transrectal scans might feel slightly uncomfortable but should not be painful.

Pelvic ultrasound can identify abnormal growths or masses in the uterus, ovaries, or prostate, which may warrant further testing for cancer. However, a biopsy is needed for a definitive diagnosis.