The growth scan is a crucial part of prenatal care, offering several benefits to both the mother and the baby. Here are some key reasons why this test is important:
1. Assessment of Fetal Growth: One of the primary purposes of the growth scan is to measure the baby’s size and estimate its weight. The scan evaluates key growth parameters such as the biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), and femur length (FL). These measurements are used to assess if the baby is growing appropriately for its gestational age.
2. Detection of Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR): The scan helps identify conditions like fetal growth restriction (FGR) or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), where the baby is smaller than expected for its gestational age. Early detection of FGR allows healthcare providers to monitor the pregnancy closely and take steps to improve outcomes.
3. Estimation of Amniotic Fluid Levels: The scan assesses the amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the baby. Abnormal levels of amniotic fluid, whether too high (polyhydramnios) or too low (oligohydramnios), can indicate potential complications and may require further investigation or intervention.
4. Monitoring Placental Health: The scan evaluates the placenta's position and function, ensuring there are no issues like placenta previa (low-lying placenta) or placental insufficiency, which could affect the baby's growth and health.
5. Evaluation of Fetal Position and Movements: It helps determine the baby’s position in the womb (head-down, breech, or transverse) and monitors fetal movements. This information is essential for planning the mode of delivery, especially if a cesarean section may be necessary.
6. Doppler Ultrasound for Blood Flow: In some cases, a Doppler ultrasound may be included in the growth scan to evaluate blood flow in the umbilical cord and other major fetal blood vessels. It helps assess the baby's oxygen and nutrient supply, which is vital for its growth and development.
How is a USG Growth Scan Performed?
1. Preparation: Generally, no special preparation is needed for this scan. You may be asked to drink water before the test to fill your bladder, as a full bladder can help provide clearer images in early pregnancy. However, in the third trimester, this is usually not required.
2. Procedure: You will lie on an examination table, and a water-based gel is applied to your abdomen to enhance the contact between the ultrasound transducer (probe) and your skin. The sonographer moves the transducer over your abdomen to capture images of the baby. The scan is painless and usually takes about 20 to 30 minutes. The technician measures various fetal parameters, checks the placenta and amniotic fluid levels, and observes fetal movements. These measurements help assess the baby's growth and development.
3. Post-Procedure: After the scan, the gel is wiped off, and you can resume your normal activities. The results are typically discussed with you immediately or during your next prenatal visit.
Who Should Consider a USG Growth Scan?
The growth scan is typically recommended for all pregnant women in the third trimester. However, it is particularly important for:
1. Women with High-Risk Pregnancies: Women with conditions like gestational diabetes, hypertension, or previous history of growth-restricted babies may need more frequent growth scans to monitor fetal health.
2. Mothers with Concerns About Fetal Movement: If you notice a decrease in fetal movements, a growth scan can help assess the baby's well-being and ensure there are no issues affecting its health.
3. Women with Abnormal Fundal Height Measurements: If your healthcare provider notes an abnormal fundal height (the distance from the pubic bone to the top of the uterus) during a routine check-up, a growth scan may be recommended to evaluate the baby's size more accurately.
4. Multiple Pregnancies: For women expecting twins or higher-order multiples, growth scans are essential to monitor each baby's development and detect any potential complications early.
